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Mononucleosis is an infectious disease more commonly found in children and young adults. It is typically caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and normally produces a characteristic fever, sore throat, sore muscles and fatigue. Transmission takes place through contact with saliva or mucus (such as from the nose).
Symptoms:
Causes:
Complications:
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of mononucleosis is made by a doctor or medical professional. Medical tests such as a monospot test, Epstein-Barr virus antigen and Epstein-Barr virus antibody titers may be administered. Test results may show an elevated white blood cell count, or abnormal liver function.
Treatment
Rest is standard for the acute stage of the mononucleosis infection. Additionally, heavy physical activity and contact should be avoided for a full month afterward and until any splenomegaly has been resolved, to avoid splenic rupture. NSAIDs may be helpful in reducing pain and fever, but aspirin is not to be used by children or young adults due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Prevention
As mononucleosis is spread through saliva and mucus, avoiding activities such as kissing, sharing food and beverages and sharing eating utensils may assist in prevention. Washing hands and surfaces or objects that have contacted saliva or mucus may also be beneficial.
See also:
Synonyms and other key terms:
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